What is "renal cortex"?

The renal cortex is a region of the kidney located on the outermost layer, just beneath the renal capsule. It is responsible for performing vital functions related to urine production and filtration. Within the renal cortex, the nephrons, which are the functional units of the kidney, filter waste products and excess substances from the blood to form urine. The renal cortex also contains blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the kidney tissues. Overall, the renal cortex plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance, regulating blood pressure, and filtering waste products from the bloodstream.